UHMWPE vs. Aramid: ʻO wai ka fiber hana kiʻekiʻe āu e pono ai?

I ke ao o nā mea holomua, ʻelua mau inoa e noho aliʻi ana i ke kamaʻilio ʻana i ka wā e pono ai ka ikaika, ke kūpaʻa, a me ka pale:ʻO ka Polyethylene Kaumaha Molekala Kiʻekiʻe Loa (UHMWPE)a meʻO Aramid (ʻike pinepine ʻia e nā inoa inoa e like me Kevlar® a i ʻole Twaron®)He mau hana kupaianaha ʻelua o ka ʻenekinia, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia. ʻO ke koho ʻana i ka mea hewa no kāu noi kikoʻī hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hāʻule mua ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​​​kumukūʻai pono ʻole.

At ʻO Huidun UHMWPE, loea mākou i ka hoʻokuke ʻana i nā palena o ka ʻenehana fiber polyethylene. Eia nō naʻe, ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei mākou i ka hāʻawi ʻana i kā mākou mea kūʻai aku i kahi nānā maopopo i ke ʻano o ka hoʻopili ʻana o kēia mau mea. Ma kēia alakaʻi, e luʻu hohonu mākou i nā nuances loea, nā pono, a me nā palena o nā fibers ʻelua e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo i kahi hoʻoholo kūʻai naʻauao.

I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i kā lākou hana, pono mākou e nānā i kā lākou DNA molekala. ʻO UHMWPE kahi polyolefin i hana ʻia me nā kaulahao polyethylene lōʻihi loa. Hoʻohālikelike kēia mau kaulahao ma ke kuhikuhi like, e hana ana i kahi mea kahi e hoʻonui ʻia ai nā mana intermolecular, e hopena ana i kahi fiber ikaika loa akā māmā e lana ai ma luna o ka wai.

ʻO Aramid, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he polyamide ʻala synthetic. Loaʻa i kona ʻano molekala nā apo paʻa i hoʻopili ʻia e nā pilina hydrogen ikaika. ʻO kēia ka mea e kūpaʻa loa ai ʻo Aramid i ka wela a me nā kemika, akā hāʻawi iā ia i kahi density kiʻekiʻe ma mua o kona hoa polyethylene.

Inā koi kāu papahana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe loa me ka nuipa haʻahaʻa loa,ʻO UHMWPE ka mea lanakila maopopoUa manaʻo nui ʻia ʻo ia ka olonā ikaika loa ma ka honua ma ke kumu kaumaha-no-ke kaumaha—ma kahi o 15 mau manawa ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ke kila a ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o nā olonā Aramid.

No ka mea, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ka UHMWPE ma mua o 1.0 g/cm³, lana ia. ʻO kēia ka mea e lilo ai ia i kūlana gula no nā noi moana, e like me nā kaula hoʻopaʻa kai hohonu a me nā kaula huki. ʻOiai ikaika ʻo Aramid, ʻoi aku ka kaumaha ma kahi o 40% a e piholo i ka wai. No nā ʻoihana e like me ka aerospace a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea kaua pilikino kahi e helu ai kēlā me kēia gram, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha i hāʻawi ʻia e nā olonā UHMWPE mai Huidun hiki ke lilo i mea hoʻololi pāʻani.

ʻO ke kuʻekuʻe wāwae ʻo Achilles o UHMWPE kona ʻike i ka wela. Ma ke ʻano he thermoplastic, hoʻomaka ka UHMWPE e palupalu ma kahi o 80°C a 100°C a heheʻe ma kahi o 144°C a 152°C. Hoʻemi kēia i kona hoʻohana ʻana i nā wahi kahi e mau ai ka ʻike ʻana i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe, e like me nā mea hana kinai ahi a i ʻole nā ​​​​kāʻei ʻoihana friction kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO Aramid ke aliʻi kūʻē wela. ʻAʻole ia e heheʻe; akā, hoʻoheheʻe ia i ke kalapona i nā mahana ma mua o 400°C. Inā pili kāu noi i ka lapalapa pololei, ka friction wela kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​wahi wela koʻikoʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o Aramid. Eia nō naʻe, no ka hapa nui o nā hoʻohana waho, tactical, a me nā ʻoihana kahi e noho mau ai nā mahana i loko o kahi pae maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana a UHMWPE.

I nā kūlana o ke ao maoli, hoʻoholo pinepine nā mea pili i ke kaiapuni i ke ola o kahi mea. ʻO kēia kahi eʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o UHMWPEʻoi aku ka nui ma luna o Aramid:

No ka pale ballistic a me nā mea hana kū'ē i ka ʻoki ʻana, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea ʻelua, akā hāʻawi lākou i nā "manaʻo" like ʻole a me nā ʻano hana. He haʻahaʻa loa ka coefficient o ka friction o UHMWPE, kahi e hāʻawi ai iā ia i kahi manaʻo "pahee". ʻO kēia ka mea e lilo ai i mea kūpono loa i ka paheʻe ʻana i nā ʻili abrasive, e alakaʻi ana i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu maikaʻi loa i nā kaula a me nā lima ʻoihana.

I nā noi ballistic (e like me nā ʻaʻahu pale pōkā), makemake pinepine ʻia ʻo UHMWPE no kona hiki ke hoʻolaha koke i ka ikehu ma o ka pūnaewele fiber, e hāʻawi ana i ka pale maikaʻi loa e kūʻē i nā ʻāpana wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka māmā no ka mea e lawe ai. Ua waiwai nui ʻia ʻo Aramid no kona paʻakikī a me ke kūʻē ʻana i ka puncture, akā ke neʻe nei ke ʻano o ka ʻoihana i nā composites UHMWPE no nā lako hana hou a māmā.